What are the differences between centrifugal compressors and piston compressors?
Views : 1176
Author : Runningway
Update time : 2019-12-04 13:35:21
An air compressor is a driven fluid machine that lifts low-pressure gas to high pressure. The principle of the centrifugal compressor is that the impeller drives the gas to rotate at high speed, which causes the gas to generate centrifugal force. Due to the diffused flow of the gas in the impeller, the flow rate and pressure of the gas after passing through the impeller are increased, and compressed air is continuously produced.
Centrifugal compressors mainly rely on high-speed blades to transfer energy to the continuously flowing refrigerant gas in the pipeline to achieve great speed and increase pressure. It has large cooling capacity, light weight per unit power unit, small size, small footprint, no air valve, piston, piston ring and other vulnerable parts, can achieve oil-free compression, stable and reliable operation, light equipment foundation, gas supply pulsation Low maintenance costs and other advantages. The disadvantage is that the efficiency is low, the single machine capacity must be large, the ability to adapt to changing conditions is not strong, and the noise is larger than the piston type. Piston compressors are among the earliest compressor designs, but they are still the most versatile and very efficient compressor. The piston compressor moves the piston forward in the cylinder through a connecting rod and a crankshaft. If only one side of the piston is used for compression, it is called single acting. If the upper and lower sides of the piston are used, it is called double acting.
Piston machines are very versatile, like Ingersoll Rand air compressors (piston type) with almost no restrictions. It can compress air or gas, requiring almost no modification. Piston compressors are the only designs that can compress air and gases to high pressures for applications such as breathing air.
Piston compressor configurations can range from single-cylinder configurations suitable for low pressure / small capacity applications to multi-stage configurations capable of compressing to very high pressures. In a multi-stage compressor, the air is compressed in stages and the pressure is increased step by step.
Compression ability:
The piston compressor series has a power range of 0.775kW to 420kW (1hp to 563hp) and a working pressure of 1.5 bar to 414 bar (21 to 6004psi).
Its typical uses are:
Gas compression (CNG, nitrogen, inert gas, landfill gas)
High-pressure air (breathing air for scuba cylinders, seismic surveys, pneumatic circuits, etc.)
PET bottle blowing, engine starting, industrial
Piston compressors are traditional positive displacement compressors and are currently the most widely used. This model has relatively mature technology, has a wide working pressure range, has strong adaptability to changing conditions, has a slightly lower thermal effect than screw compressors, generally has a lower rated speed, has a pulsating gas transmission, and has certain vibration during operation. And the structure is more complicated, there are many wearing parts, and the maintenance cycle is short. The noise is lower than that of centrifugal compressors and screw compressors, and it is dominant in small and medium-sized refrigeration. Screw compressors are positive displacement compressors, the pistons of which are in the form of screws; this is the main type of compressor used today.
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