Ingersoll Rand high pressure air compressor principle and application in fire protection
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Author : Runningway
Update time : 2019-06-11 13:56:31
When the piston reciprocating in the cylinder moves to the right, the pressure in the left chamber of the piston in the cylinder is lower than the atmospheric pressure, the suction valve is opened, and the outside air is introduced into the cylinder. This process is called a compression process. When the in-cylinder pressure is higher than the pressure in the output air line, the exhaust valve opens. Compressed air is sent to the gas pipe, a process known as the venting process. The reciprocating motion of the piston is formed by a crank slider mechanism driven by an electric motor. The rotary motion of the crank is converted into a sliding-reciprocating motion of the piston.
High-pressure air compressor applied in the fire brigade
1. Main technical parameters of Ingersoll Rand high pressure air compressor
At present, the Ingersoll Rand piston air compressor used by the firefighting force mainly provides inflation protection for the cylinders of the air breathing apparatus. The main technical parameters are as follows:
(1) Cylinder specifications: mainly 2L, 3L, 4.7L, 6.8L and 9L.
(2) Working pressure of the cylinder: 30 MPa.
(3) Main brands: Germany Baohua BAUER, Italy COLTRI SUB, American MSA, Italy HIGHAIR, etc.
(4) Main displacement: 100L/min, 200L/min, 215L/mrn, 240L/min, 265L/min, 300L/min, 500L/min, 600L/min, etc.
(5) Power source: 220V, 380V, diesel driven.
The main features are: a large amount of gas, a large number of cylinders; fast inflation time requirements.
2, common causes of failure and troubleshooting
The main problems in the process of using air compressors by firefighting units are: only the actual operation, the maintenance awareness is not strong; the safety protection awareness is not strong when inflating; the failure to solve in time when the failure occurs; the use of personnel is not fixed Strong, often just learn to use and maintain after the normal transfer and maintenance, the new staff lack training.
The following are several common faults such as oil leakage, overheating, and abnormal noise, and analyze the causes and troubleshooting methods.
Air compressor oil leakage fault judgment and troubleshooting method:
(1) When the air compressor leaks oil, pay attention to the oil seal part, check whether the oil seal is cracked, whether the inner lip is cracked or flanging. If one of the above conditions should be replaced; check whether the oil seal and the spindle joint surface are scratched or defective, and the scratches and defects should be replaced. Check if the oil return is unblocked. If the oil return is not smooth, the crankcase pressure will be too high. The oil seal will leak or fall off. The minimum diameter of the oil return pipe must be ensured, and it will not be twisted, bent, and the oil will be smooth. Check the oil seal and the size of the cabinet. Replace it if it does not meet the standard.
(2) Force the spindle to check if the neck clearance is too large. If the clearance is too large, replace the bearing bush and oil seal at the same time.
(3) Check the seal sealing condition of each joint part, repair or replace the gasket; Check the inlet and return oil joint bolts and the box thread and tighten.
(4) Check the oil leakage of the air compressor and re-adjust the belt tightness. It is advisable to press the thumb 10mm.
(5) If the air compressor leaks oil, it is necessary to check the defects in the casting or processing of the box, and repair or replace the defective parts.
Overheat fault
In the daily operation of the air compressor, the air compressor overheating failure may occur due to the long-time overload operation of the air compressor. The overheating failure phenomenon of the air compressor is manifested by the air compressor exhaust temperature being too high or the operating part being hot.
The reasons for the overheating failure of the air compressor are:
The loose pressure valve or the unloading valve does not work;
The air brake system leaks seriously;
Insufficient oil supply and cylinder pull at the operating part.
Air compressor overheat fault diagnosis and troubleshooting method:
(1) Check the loose pressure valve assembly when the air intake is unloaded, and remove or replace the defective parts with the stuck. When the exhaust is unloaded, check whether the unloading valve is blocked or stuck. It is necessary to clean or repair the defective parts, effectively eliminating the overheating fault of the air compressor.
(2) Check the brake system components and piping.
(3) Poor lubrication between the piston and the cylinder liner, too small clearance or pulling the cylinder can cause overheating. In this case, the defective parts should be inspected, repaired or replaced.
Abnormal noise analysis
During the daily use of the air compressor, the air compressor often has abnormal noise, such as: metal impact sound, uniform knocking sound, and friction noise of the air compressor.
The reasons for the abnormal noise of the air compressor are:
(1) The connecting rod bush is seriously worn, the connecting rod bolt is loose, the connecting rod bushing is seriously worn, and the main shaft wears seriously or damages the impact sound;
(2) The belt is too loose, and the main and passive belt groove type does not match, causing the snoring to produce an air compressor abnormal noise;
(3) There is no immediate oil supply after the air compressor is running, and the dry friction of the metal produces an abnormal sound of the air compressor;
(4) The fixing bolt is loose;
(5) The loosening of the gear nut is loose, causing the excessive backlash to generate an abnormal sound of the air compressor;
(6) There is a foreign object on the top of the piston.
Air compressor abnormal sound failure judgment and elimination method:
(1)When the air compressor is abnormally sound, check whether the connecting rod, the connecting rod bushing and the main bearing bush are worn, strained or burnt, whether the connecting rod bolt is loose, check whether the main oil passage of the air compressor is unblocked; it is recommended to replace the wear. Severe or strained bushings, bushings, and main bearings, tighten the connecting rod bolts, and align the air inlet holes with the compressed air holes; unblock the main oil passage. When reassembling, pay attention to the spindle bearings.
(2) When the air compressor is abnormal, check whether the main and passive pulleys are the same. If they are inconsistent, please replace them and adjust the belt tightness.
(3) Check the oil inlet pressure and oil pipeline for damage or blockage. If the pressure is insufficient, adjust, clean and replace the failed pipeline immediately; check the oil quality and impurity content of the lubricant, and compare with the use standard. Replace immediately; check if the air compressor is supplied with oil. If there is no oil supply, it should be fully inspected immediately.
(4) Check whether the air compressor fixing bolts are loosened and tightened, which helps to alleviate the abnormal noise of the air compressor.
(5) The air compressor of the gear transmission should also check whether the gear is loose or the gear is fitted and fitted. If the nut is loose, tighten the nut and replace it if there is any problem.
(6) Removing foreign matter helps to alleviate the abnormal noise of the air compressor.
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